[饮食] 食材的中英文对照

A. 面粉类
麵粉／中筋麵粉  Plain flour /all-purpose flour
低筋麵粉／低根粉  cake flour / soft flour / weak flour / low protein flour
高筋麵粉／筋麵／根麵／高根粉  gluten flour / strong flour / bread flour / baker’s flour / high protein flour
小麦面粉  Whole meal flour  
全麥麵粉  whole wheat flour
澄麵粉／澄粉／澄麵  non-glutinous flour / wheat flour / wheat starch
自發麵粉  self- raising flour
粗玉米豆粉  polenta / yellow cornmeal
粟粉／粟米粉／玉米粉／玉米澱粉(太白粉?)   corn flour / cornstarch
生粉／太白粉／地瓜粉  potato starch / potato flour
樹薯粉／木薯粉／茨粉／菱粉／泰國生粉／太白粉／地瓜粉  Tapioca starch / tapioca flour
蕃薯粉／地瓜粉  sweet potato flour
臭粉／胺粉／阿摩尼亞粉／嗅粉  powdered baking ammonia / carbonate of ammonia / ammonia bicarbonate / ammonia carbonate / hartshorn
發粉／泡打粉／泡大粉／速發粉／蛋糕發粉  baking powder
蘇打粉／小蘇打／梳打粉／小梳打／食粉／重曹  baking soda / bicarb ofsoda
塔塔粉／他他粉  cream of tartar
卡士達粉／蛋黃粉／吉士粉／吉時粉／ custard powder
卡士達／克林姆／奶皇餡／蛋奶餡  custard / pastry cream
蛋白粉  egg white powder
粘米粉／黏米粉／在來米粉／在萊米粉／再來米粉  rice flour
糕仔粉  cooked rice flour
糯米粉  glutinous rice flour / sweet rice flour
鳳片粉／熟糯米粉／糕粉／加工糕粉  fried sweet rice flour / fried glutinous rice flour
綠豆粉  mung bean flour / tepung hun kwee
小麥胚芽／麥芽粉  wheat germ
小麥蛋白／麵筋粉  wheat gluten
酵母／酒餅  yeast／ibu roti
麵包糠／麵包屑  breadcrumbs
雜糧預拌粉  multi-grain flour



B. 糖类
黑蔗糖漿／糖蜜／甘蔗糖蜜  molasses
金黃糖漿  golden syrup
楓糖漿／楓樹糖漿／楓糖  maple syrup
玉米糖漿  corn syrup／karo syrup
葡萄糖漿  glucose syrup
麥芽糖漿  barley maltsyrup／maltsyrup
麥芽糖  maltose／malt sugar
焦糖  carmael
果糖  fructos
乳糖  lactose
轉化糖  invert sugar
日式糙米糖漿  amazake
綿花糖霜  marshmallow cream cream
冰糖  rock sugar
椰糖／爪哇紅糖  palm sugar／gula malacca
黃砂糖  brown sugar
紅糖／黑糖  dark brown sugar
粗糖／黑砂糖  muscovado sugar
金砂糖  demerara sugar
原蔗糖  raw sugar／raw cane sugar／unrefined cane sugar
白砂糖／粗砂糖  white sugar／refined sugar／refined cane sugar／coarse granulated sugar
細砂糖／幼砂糖/ 幼糖  castor sugar / caster sugar（适用于做糕点）
糖份混合物  icing sugar mixture
糖粉  icing sugar／confectioners’ sugar
糖霜／點綴霜  icing／frosting
蜜葉糖／甜葉菊  stevia／honey leaf
代糖／阿斯巴甜  aspartame／sweetener／sugar substitute
什色糖珠
巧克力米／朱古力米  chocolate vermicelli
巧克力削／朱古力削  chocolate curls
巧克力珠／朱古力珠  choc bits／chocolate chips
耐烤巧克力豆  choc bits (澳洲的英文名) / chocolate chips (美國、加拿大的英文名)

C.

抹荼粉  green tea powder
馬蹄粉  water chestnut flour
葛粉  arrowroot flour
杏仁粉  almond flour／almond mieal
海苔粉  ground seaweed

涼粉／仙草  grass jelly
椰絲／椰茸／椰子粉  desiccated coconut／shredded coconut
果子凍／果凍粉／啫喱  jelly
魚膠粉／吉利丁／明膠  gelatine sheets／powdered gelatine　
大菜／大菜絲／菜燕／燕菜精／洋菜／洋菜粉／瓊脂  agar powder
白礬  alum
硼砂  borax
石膏  gypsum
鹼水／(木見)水/ 碳酸钾  alkaline water／lye water／potassium carbonate
食用色素  food colouring
香草豆／香草莢／香草片／香子蘭莢  vanilla bean／vanilla pod
香草精／雲尼拉香精／凡尼拉香精  vanilla extract／vanilla essence
香草粉  vanilla powder
班蘭粉／香蘭粉  ground pandan／ground screwpine leaves／serbok daun pandan
班蘭精／香蘭精  pandan paste／pasta pandan
玫瑰露／玫瑰露精  rosewater／rosewater essence essence
皮屑  grated zest／grated rind



D.

牛油／奶油  butter
軟化牛油  soft butter
瑪珈琳／瑪琪琳／乳瑪琳／雅瑪琳／人造奶油／菜油  margarine
起酥油／起酥瑪琪琳  pastry margarine / oleo margarine
豬油／白油／大油／板油  lard / cooking fat
酥油／雪白奶油  shortening
硬化椰子油  copha
椰油  Creamed Coconut

烤油  dripping

牛油忌廉  butter cream
淡忌廉  light cream／coffee cream／table cream
鮮奶油／忌廉／鮮忌廉  cream／whipping cream
包括﹕1 light whipping cream
      2 heavy whipping cream／heavy cream／thickened cream
      3 double cream／pure cream
酸奶油／酸忌廉／酸奶酪／酸乳酪  sour cream
酸奶   butter milk
牛奶／鮮奶／鮮乳  milk
奶粉  powdered milk / milk powder
花奶／淡奶／奶水／蒸發奶／蒸發奶水  evaporated milk
煉奶  condensedmilk／sweetened condensed milk
起士／起司／芝士／乳酪／奶酪／乾酪／乳餅  cheese
起司粉  powdered cheese
奶油起司／芝士忌廉／奶油乳酪／凝脂乳酪  cream cheese
瑪斯卡波尼起司／馬司卡膨起司／馬斯卡波涅起司／義大利乳酪  mascarpone cheese
優格／乳果／酸奶／酸乳酪  yoghurt
優酪乳  yoghurt drink／drinking yoghurt



E.

麵包／麵飽  bread
土司麵包／吐司  toast
法式吐司  french toast
裸麥麵包  rye bread
派／批  pie
塔／撻  tart
凍派／凍批  cream pie

蛋塔  egg tart / custard tart
法式蛋塔  quiche lorraine
戚風蛋糕  chiffon cake
海綿蛋糕  sponge cake
泡芙  choux pastry / puff
瑪琳／焗蛋泡  meringue
蛋蜜乳 eggnog
可麗餅  crepe
煎餅／熱餅／薄烤餅  pancake
厚鬆餅  pikelet / hotcake
墨西哥麵餅  tortillas
曲奇  cookies
慕斯／慕思  mousse
布甸／布丁  pudding
司康／比司吉 scones
舒芙蕾  souffles
洋芋塊  hash brown
英式鬆餅／瑪芬麵包  english muffin
鬆糕／瑪芬  american muffin　
格子鬆餅  waffle
手指餅乾  sponge fingers / ladyfingers / savoiardi (義大利名)
蘇打餅干  saltine crackers
威化餅乾  wafer biscuit



F. 干果/果脯

腰子豆／腰果／腰果仁／介壽果  cashew nut
花生  peanut
瓜子／南瓜子  pepitas / dried pumpkin seeds
崧子／松子仁  pine nut
栗子  chestnut
干粟子  dried chestuts
核桃／核桃仁／合桃／胡桃  walnut
杏仁／杏仁片／扁桃  almond
北杏／苦杏仁  apricot kernel / chinese almond / bitter almond
南杏  apricot kernel
榛果／榛仁  hazelnut / filbert / cobnut
開心果／阿月渾子  pistachio
堅果／澳洲堅果／夏威夷果／澳洲胡桃／澳洲栗／澳洲核桃／昆士蘭龍眼／昆士蘭栗macadamia / california nut
山胡桃／胡桃  pecan
石鼓仔／馬加拉／油桐子  candlenut / buah keras
白果／銀杏  ginkgo nut
罌粟子  poppy seed
亞答子  atap seed

乾椰絲  dessicated coconut
龍眼乾／龍眼肉／桂圓／圓肉  dried longan
葡萄乾  raisin / dried currant
無花果乾  dried fig
柿餅  dried persimmon
桃脯  dried peach
杏脯  dried apricot
蘋果脯／蘋果乾  dried apple
蜜漬櫻桃／露桃／車梨子 glace cherry／candied cherry
蜜漬鳳梨  glace pineapple／candied pineapple
糖水批把  Loquats in syrup

杏子酱  Apricot jam



杏桃果膠  apricot glaze
水蜜桃罐頭  peaches in syrup
切片水蜜桃罐頭  sliced peaches in syrup
綜合水果罐頭  cocktail fruit in syrup　



G.

味精monosodium glutamate

醋  vinegar
白醋(工研醋)  rice vinegar
白醋  white vinegar (西洋料理用的)
烏醋  black vinggar
酱油  soy sauce

蚝油  oyster sauce

麻油  sesame oil

白酒  white spirits

加饭酒  rice wine

桂花酒  osmanthus-flavored wine

芝麻酱  Sesame paste

辣椒醬  chili sauce
牛頭牌沙荼醬  bull head barbecue sauce/Chinese barbecue sauce
南乳  ermented red beancurd
薑粉  ginger powder
调味蕃茄醬  ketchup
蕃茄醬  tomato sauce (普通甜的)
蕃茄醬  tomato paste (義大利料理用的)
豆辦醬  chilli bean sauce
XO醬  XO sauce
豆豉  salt black bean  

薏米  pearl barley
西贾米  Sago

沙莪粒／西米／小茨丸  pearl sago／pearl tapioca

紅豆沙／烏豆沙  red bean paste
綠豆片  split mung bean
芝麻  Sesame Seeds  

蓮子  lotus seed
蓮蓉  lotus　paste
栗蓉  chestnut puree / chestnut paste
蜜棗  preserved red dates
紅棗  chinese red dates
棗泥  red date paste
百合  dried lily bulb
金针  Tiger lily buds

陳皮  dried orange peel／dried tangerine peel
豆腐  Tofu  
腐竹  dried beancurd sticks

腐皮  beancurd sheet

酸菜  pickled mustard-green
蒸山芋  steamed sweet potatoes

咸黄瓜  salted cucumber

脱水蒜粒  dehydrated garlic granules

冬菇  dried black mushroom
木耳  Mu-er

黑木耳  black fungus / wood ear fungus / dried black fungus
海带  sea vegetable / Sea weed

燒海苔  toasted nori seaweed / roasted seaweed sushi nori
板海苔  nori seaweed / dried sea laver
燕菜  agar-agar

蝦米  dried shrimp
鱼干  dried fish

鹹蛋黃  salted egg yolk

皮蛋（糖心/ 硬心） preserved duck eggs (soft and hard yolk)

咸鸭蛋 salted duck eggs

牛肉粒  dried beef cubes

牛肉片  dried beef sliced

猪肉松  dried pork floss

腊鸭  preserved duck

鸭肫干preserved duck gizzard

烤鸭  roasted duck

方便面  instant noodles

面条  noodles

米粉  rice-noodle
粉丝  silk noodles

餛鈍皮  wonton wrapper/wonton skins
水餃皮  dumpling wrapper / dumpling skins /gyoza wrapper.
春捲皮  spring roll wrapper , egg roll wrapper.......