内容翻译自http://waitbutwhy.com
原文地址:
The AI Revolution: Road to Superintelligence
The AI Revolution: Our Immortality or Extinction
转载请保留原文链接和翻译者 知乎 @谢熊猫君
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未来学家Ray Kurzweil把这种人类的加速发展称作加速回报定律(Law of Accelerating Returns)。之所以会发生这种规律,是因为一个更加发达的社会,能够继续发展的能力也更强,发展的速度也更快——这本就是更加发达的一个标准。19世纪的人们比15世纪的人们懂得多得多,所以19世纪的人发展起来的速度自然比15世纪的人更快。
我们能获得的新体验是无穷的。人类的性爱,使得人们不但能生育,还能从中享乐。Kurtzweil认为我们可以对食物做同样的改造。纳米机器人可以负责把身体需要的营养物质传送到细胞中,智能的将对身体不好的东西排出体外——就像一个食物避孕套一样。纳米技术理论家Robert A. Freitas已经设计了一种红细胞的替代品,能够让人快速冲刺15分钟不需要呼吸——那么超人工智能能对我们的身体能力做的改造就更加难以想象。虚拟现实将拥有新的意义——体内的纳米机器人将能控制我们从感官获得的信号,然后用别的信号替代他们,让我们进入一个新的环境,在新环境里,我们能听、看、闻、触摸。。。
对信心角的最有力的批评,是那些信心角里的人都低估了超人工智能的坏处。Kurzweil的畅销书《The Singularity is Near》700多页,只有20页用来讨论人工智能的危险。前面提到,当超人工智能降临时我们的命运取决于谁掌握这股力量,以及他们是不是好人。Kurzweil的回答是“超人工智能正从多方的努力中出现,它将深深的融入我们文明的基建中。它会亲密的被捆绑在我们的身体和大脑中,它会反映我们的价值,因为它就是我们。”
相关来源:
The most rigorous and thorough look at the dangers of AI:
Nick Bostrom – Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies
The best overall overview of the whole topic and fun to read:
James Barrat – Our Final Invention
Controversial and a lot of fun. Packed with facts and charts and mind-blowing future projections:
Ray Kurzweil – The Singularity is Near
Articles and Papers:
J. Nils Nilsson – The Quest for Artificial Intelligence: A History of Ideas and AchievementsSteven Pinker – How the Mind WorksVernor Vinge – The Coming Technological Singularity: How to Survive in the Post-Human Era
Nick Bostrom – Ethical Guidelines for A SuperintelligenceNick Bostrom – How Long Before Superintelligence?
Nick Bostrom – Future Progress in Artificial Intelligence: A Survey of Expert Opinion
Moshe Y. Vardi – Artificial Intelligence: Past and FutureRuss Roberts, EconTalk – Bostrom Interview and Bostrom Follow-UpStuart Armstrong and Kaj Sotala, MIRI – How We’re Predicting AI—or Failing ToSusan Schneider – Alien MindsStuart Russell and Peter Norvig – Artificial Intelligence: A Modern ApproachTheodore Modis – The Singularity Myth
Gary Marcus – Hyping Artificial Intelligene, Yet Again
Steven Pinker – Could a Computer Ever Be Conscious?
Carl Shulman – Omohundro’s “Basic AI Drives” and Catastrophic Risks
World Economic Forum – Global Risks 2015
John R. Searle – What Your Computer Can’t Know
Jaron Lanier – One Half a Manifesto
Bill Joy – Why the Future Doesn’t Need Us
Kevin Kelly – Thinkism
Paul Allen – The Singularity Isn’t Near (and Kurzweil’s response)
Stephen Hawking – Transcending Complacency on Superintelligent Machines
Kurt Andersen – Enthusiasts and Skeptics Debate Artificial Intelligence
Terms of Ray Kurzweil and Mitch Kapor’s bet about the AI timeline
Ben Goertzel – Ten Years To The Singularity If We Really Really Try
Arthur C. Clarke – Sir Arthur C. Clarke’s Predictions
Hubert L. Dreyfus – What Computers Still Can’t Do: A Critique of Artificial Reason
Stuart Armstrong – Smarter Than Us: The Rise of Machine Intelligence
Ted Greenwald – X Prize Founder Peter Diamandis Has His Eyes on the Future
Kaj Sotala and Roman V. Yampolskiy – Responses to Catastrophic AGI Risk: A Survey
Jeremy Howard TED Talk – The wonderful and terrifying implications of computers that can learn